Status: Core study Faith & Logic Published September 3, 2026 Updated September 23, 2026
Epistemology (Greek: ἐπιστήμη, epistēmē — “knowledge, understanding” + λόγος; later epistēmologia; pronounced eh-pis-teh-mo-lo-GEE-ah).
It is the question of knowledge. What counts as knowing. What is only opinion. What a person may claim, and on what.
On this site epistemology is the frame — how that world can be known, so Logic has something to test. Metaphysics names the kind of world. Ontology lists what you will admit exists. Epistemology asks how those things can be known — sense, reason, testimony, or some mix — before you start to test a claim.
People have argued whether we can be sure of anything. Those fights are real. This page does not settle them. It names the job: mark what is observed. Mark what is inferred. Do not call a hope a measurement.
Scripture arrives here as testimony, not as a mood. First hearers received words they could hear and weigh. How to Test a Claim is where those claims get tested. Epistemology is what you hand that page: what you think you know, and why.
See also: Metaphysics Ontology Axiom Logic How to Test a Claim